Name one method of biological waste treatment.

Aerobic digestion is a biological waste treatment method that involves the breakdown of organic waste materials by microorganisms in the presence of oxygen. This process allows for the conversion of complex organic matter into simpler compounds, ultimately leading to the stabilization of waste and the generation of valuable byproducts, such as biogas and compost.

In aerobic digestion, bacteria that thrive in oxygen-rich environments decompose the organic matter, reducing the volume of waste and mitigating odors while promoting the production of nutrient-rich amendments that can be used for soil enhancement. This method is particularly effective for treating waste such as food scraps, agricultural residues, and sewage sludge.

In contrast, chemical sterilization utilizes chemicals to disinfect materials, incineration relies on high-temperature combustion to reduce waste volume, and landfilling involves burying waste in designated areas. These alternatives do not involve the biological processes that characterize aerobic digestion, making the latter a distinctive method within the realm of biological waste treatment.